Patient satisfaction in the use of non-pharmacological therapies in the management of postoperative pain: a study in a tertiary hospital, Ghana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31191/afrijcmr.v7i1.123Keywords:
Non-pharmacological, pain management, therapies, post-operative pain, patient satisfactionAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Non-pharmacological therapies are complementary to pharmacological therapies for managing disease symptoms, including pain, and can be integrated into a self-management program, enhancing patient independence and autonomy. It has been discovered that therapies that are non-pharmacological for pain relief are effective with minimal side effects. This study, therefore, seeks to determine how frequently non-pharmacological methods (NPMs) are used in the management of postoperative pain (POP) and the influence of these NPMs on patient satisfaction.
Methods: This study had a descriptive cross-sectional design. A quantitative approach was used with a structured questionnaire based on the International Pain Outcome Questionnaire (IPO-Q) to obtain responses from patients from October 2019 to December 2019.
Results: The majority of the patients, 52.2%, responded using some form of (NPM) for pain relief. The most widely used non-pharmacological method of pain relief was mobilization, representing 79.2%. The male participants were observed to use more NPMs for pain relief. Most patients (51.4%) who used NPMs for pain relief reported that their pain was not relieved. A majority (90.6%) of the participants desired more pain treatment. The type of surgery the patients underwent had a statistically significant negative correlation with using NPMs for pain relief. A higher percentage (71%) of participants were highly satisfied with their overall pain treatment.
Conclusion: Pain is subjective, and it would be appropriate if patients were allowed to describe the location and intensity of their pain and choose their preferred NPMs which would be of help.
References
REFERENCES
Yang, J., Bauer, B. A., Wahner-Roedler, D. L., Chon, T. Y., & Xiao, L. (2020). The modified WHO analgesic ladder: is it appropriate for chronic non-cancer pain?. Journal of pain research, 13, 411.
Kolade OA, Abubakar S, Adejumoke SR, Funmilayo HV, Tijani A. Knowledge, attitude and practice of surgical site infection prevention among post-operative nurses in a tertiary health institution in north-central Nigeria. International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2017 Jun 30;9(6):65-9.
Xie, H., Chen, S. H., Li, L., & Ge, W. H. (2022). The cost-effectiveness analysis of analgesic treatment options for postoperative pain following laparotomy surgeries. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 1-9.
Mwashambwa MY, Yongolo IM, Kapalata SN, Meremo AJ. Post-operative pain prevalence, predictors, management practices and satisfaction among operated cases at a Regional Referral Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Health Research. 2018 Apr 12;20(2).
Kituku, J. M. (2020). Evaluation of the Practice and Adequacy of Current Pain Management Following Caesarean Delivery in Patients at Kenyatta National Hospital Between March & May 2019 a Descriptive Cohort Study (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Mwanza E, Gwisai RD, Munemo C. Knowledge on nonpharmacological methods of pain management among nurses at Bindura Hospital, Zimbabwe. Pain research and treatment. 2019;2019.
Negash, T. T., Belete, K. G., Tlilaye, W., Ayele, T. T., & Oumer, K. E. (2022). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of health professionals towards postoperative pain management at a referral hospital in Ethiopia. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 73, 103167.
Pirie, K., Traer, E., Finniss, D., Myles, P. S., & Riedel, B. (2022). Current approaches to acute postoperative pain management after major abdominal surgery: a narrative review and future directions. British journal of anaesthesia.
Tano PF, Apiribu F, Tano EK, Boamah Mensah AB, Dzomeku VM, Boateng I. Predicting factors that determine patients’ satisfaction with post-operative pain management following abdominal surgeries at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. PloS one. 2021 May 25;16(5):e0251979.
Ogbeide, S. S. (2017). Acute Postoperative Pain: An Assessment of Postoperative Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Using Evidence-Based Education (Doctoral dissertation, Brandman University).
van Boekel RL, Vissers KC, van der Sande R, Bronkhorst E, Lerou JG, Steegers MA. Moving beyond pain scores: Multidimensional pain assessment is essential for adequate pain management after surgery. PLoS One. 2017 May 10;12(5):e0177345.
Ay, F. (2018). Treatment of postoperative pain and non-pharmacologic practices in nursing systematic review: Results of Turkish doctoral dissertation in 2000–2015. Agri, 30(2), 71-83.
Fatma A, Serife K. Experience of pain in patients undergoing abdominal surgery and nursing approaches to pain control. International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2017 Sep 1;10(3):1456.
Bayuo J, Munn Z, Campbell J. Assessment and management of burn pain at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital: a best practice implementation project. JBI Evidence Synthesis. 2017 Sep 1;15(9):2398-418.
Yang, M. M., Hartley, R. L., Leung, A. A., Ronksley, P. E., Jetté, N., Casha, S., & Riva-Cambrin, J. (2019). Preoperative predictors of poor acute postoperative pain control: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 9(4), e025091.
Hay, D., & Nesbitt, V. (2019). Management of acute pain. Surgery (Oxford), 37(8), 460-466.
Khalil, N. S. (2018). Critical care nurses' use of non-pharmacological pain management methods in Egypt. Applied Nursing Research, 44, 33-38.
Sandvik, R. K., Olsen, B. F., Rygh, L. J., & Moi, A. L. (2020). Pain relief from nonpharmacological interventions in the intensive care unit: A scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing, 29(9-10), 1488-1498.
Hargett, J. L., & Criswell, A. C. (2019). Non-pharmacological interventions for acute pain management in patients with opioid abuse or opioid tolerance: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 17(7), 1283-1289.
Small, C., & Laycock, H. (2020). Acute postoperative pain management. Journal of British Surgery, 107(2), e70-e80.
Öztürk, Ru?en, Ümran Sevil, Asuman Sargin, and M. Sait Yücebilgin. "The effects of reflexology on anxiety and pain in patients after abdominal hysterectomy: a randomised controlled trial." Complementary therapies in medicine 36 (2018): 107-112.
Best, J. T., Musgrave, B., Pratt, K., Hill, R., Evans, C., & Corbitt, D. (2018). The impact of scripted pain education on patient satisfaction in outpatient abdominal surgery patients. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 33(4), 453-460.
Poulsen, M. J., & Coto, J. (2018). Nursing music protocol and postoperative pain. Pain Management Nursing, 19(2), 172-176.
Tola, Y. O., Chow, K. M., & Liang, W. (2021). Effects of non?pharmacological interventions on preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 30(23-24), 3369-3384.
Mohamed Bayoumi, M. M., Khonji, L. M. A., & Gabr, W. F. M. (2021). Are nurses utilizing the non-pharmacological pain management techniques in surgical wards? Plos one, 16(10), e0258668.
Aygin, D., & Yilmaz, A. Ç. (2018). Nonpharmacological Methods Used in Postoperative Pain. Recent Developments in Nursing and Midwifery, 129.
Goštautait? S, Piš?alkien? V, Laanterä S, Uosukainen L. Non-pharmacological pain management in postoperative care of school-age children. Higher education. 2017; 16:4.
Seldon LA. Non-pharmacological Methods in Relieving Children’s Pain in Hospital: a pilot study.2017.
Clauw, D. J., Essex, M. N., Pitman, V., & Jones, K. D. (2019). Reframing chronic pain as a disease, not a symptom: rationale and implications for pain management. Postgraduate Medicine, 131(3), 185-198.
Málek J, Šev?ík P, Bejšovec D, Gabrhelík T, Hnilicová M, K?ikava I, Mixa V. Postoperative pain management. Prague, Czech Republic: Mladá fronta. 2017:102-1.
Rothaug J, Zaslansky R, Schwenkglenks M, Komann M, Allvin R, Backström R, Brill S, Buchholz I, Engel C, Fletcher D, Fodor L. Patients' perception of postoperative pain management: validation of the International Pain Outcomes (IPO) questionnaire. The Journal of Pain. 2013 Nov 1;14(11):1361-70.
Schwenkglenks M, Gerbershagen HJ, Taylor RS, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Komann M, Rothaug J, Volk T, Yahiaoui-Doktor M, Zaslansky R, Brill S, Ullrich K. Correlates of satisfaction with pain treatment in the acute postoperative period: results from the international PAIN OUT registry. PAIN®. 2014 Jul 1;155(7):1401-11.
Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, Wu CL, Sluka KA, Brennan TJ, Chou R. Research gaps in practice guidelines for acute postoperative pain management in adults: findings from a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The Journal of Pain. 2016 Feb 1;17(2):158-66.
Khansa, I., Koogler, A., Richards, J., Bryant, R., & Janis, J. E. (2017). Pain management in abdominal wall reconstruction. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, 5(6).
Komann M, Weinmann C, Schwenkglenks M, Meissner W. Non-pharmacological methods and post-operative pain relief: An observational study. Anesthesiology and pain medicine. 2019 Apr;9(2).
Ali SE, Fattah FR. Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction toward Nursing Management of Postoperative Pain: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing. 2020 (7)1:763-777.
Kokoroko E, Sanda MA. Effect of workload on job stress of Ghanaian OPD nurses: The role of coworker support. Safety and health at work. 2019 Sep 1;10(3):341-6.
Sitthipornvorakul, E., Klinsophon, T., Sihawong, R., & Janwantanakul, P. (2018). The effects of walking intervention in patients with chronic low back pain: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 34, 38-46.
Ibitoye, B. M., Oyewale, T. M., Olubiyi, K. S., Jibril, U. N., Anyebe, E. E., Ampofo, A. G., & Olorukooba, H. O. (2020). Incidence of Post-Operative Pain and Patient Satisfaction with its Management in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Tropical Journal of Health Sciences, 27(2).
Aziato L, Adejumo O. Developing a context appropriate clinical guideline for post-operative pain management in Ghana: A participatory approach. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 2015 Jan 1;2:26-33.
Yaban ZS. Usage of non-pharmacologic methods on postoperative pain management by nurses: Sample of turkey. International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2019 Jan;12(1):529-41.
Kidanemariam BY, Elsholz T, Simel LL, Tesfamariam EH, Andemeskel YM. Utilization of non-pharmacological methods and the perceived barriers for adult postoperative pain management by the nurses at selected National Hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. BMC nursing. 2020 Dec;19(1):1-0.
Gumus K, Musuroglu S, Ozlu ZK, Tasci O. Determining the use of nonpharmacologic methods by surgical nurses for postoperative pain management and the influencing professional factors: A multicenter study. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2020 Feb 1;35(1):75-9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Priscilla Felicia Tano, Dr Felix Apiribu, Dr Emile Kouakou Tano, Ms Ramatu Agambire, Mr. Isaac Boateng, Ms Victoria Sefah, Ms Rumana Saeed Mohammed (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY-NC-ND that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
